Masochism is defined as what?

Masochism is primarily defined as seeking pleasure through pain. This concept is often associated with BDSM (Bondage, Discipline, Dominance, Submission, Sadism, and Masochism) practices, where individuals derive sexual arousal or satisfaction from experiencing pain or humiliation, either inflicted on themselves or given by others consensually. The essence of masochism lies in the psychological and emotional connection between the sensation of pain and the pleasure derived from it, creating a unique dynamic that can enhance intimacy and trust between consenting partners.

The other choices present different concepts not related to masochism. Stalking involves the unwanted and obsessive attention towards an individual, which is a serious criminal behavior, while overseeing sexual misconduct refers to the role of authority in managing or addressing inappropriate sexual behavior. Engaging in non-consensual acts pertains to actions taken without consent, which starkly contrasts with the fundamental principle of masochism that emphasizes consent between parties involved in such activities.